Quast cuts off official GOP ties
By Tim Konrod
Dr. Werner Quast, Republican State committeeman, told the Buccaneer that there is a possibility he may pull out of the rupublican party. At least he will no longer be an official of the local and state party organization.
He said he would not run again for the office of state executive board member. Dr. Quast is currently one of 14 (two from each congrassionaldistrict) representatives to the state executive board.
He became a county chairman of the GOP as a draftee in 1966. He stated the main reason for his joining GOP then was “to organize the party so right-wing extremists would not gain control of the local republican party organization.” His political philosophy was another reason he joined the party– mainly the need for a check and balance system in all levels of goverment. Dr. Quast feels that in order for democracy in the state to work it must have two active parties which offer the voter meaningful choices.
In this state the Republican party is a minority, he added, and seldom had enough influence in the Legislature. Dr.Quast felt that he had to help reorganize the party on the local level so Republican influence could be restored on the courthouse level of goverment. However, Dr. Quast has now officially declined to seek the position on the state GOP executive board, nor will he be an officer of the local GOP.
Dr.Quast said his reason for withdrawl from active partisan politics is a proffessional one.
“I have become more and more aware of the fact that even I could become too emotionally involved in a campaign.,” he explained. “This would carry over into the classroom. Although I am fully aware from past academic learning experiences that the social sciences are full of persons who preach (mostly liberal and often partisan doctrines) rather than teach as objectively as possible, I do not think that two wrongs make a right, even if my ‘preaching’ in more moderate or conservative forms should consistute the so necessary balance.
“I believe that I have first of all an obligation to the students in my classes of political science and philosophy. My function is to help them find the truth, and one will have to admit neither the Republicans nor the Democrats can claim to hold the only truth. Unfortunately, being very,very close to a campaign, this search for truth in an enviroment of academic objectivity (if it is at all possible) suffers considerably.
“In the past four years I have weighed the need for a viable ‘adversary advocate’ or a pragmatic two-party system in this county, and the need of ivory-tower objectivity in the classroom. I found (based upon my too personal experiences in the third Reich) that the ivory towers are of little use and value if the political enviroment deteriorates because of those who should be in the forefront of or have rational participation in the political process.
“For that reason I have become involved in partisan politics. I should add that I would again become involved, perhaps even as a chairman of a Democrat organization, in aplace where there is no meaningful opposition to the party in power.
“However, locally we have reached the point where the loyal opposition has the statues and the organization (only about five members of the county central committee now hold membership in right-wing ‘educational’ organizations) to effectively compete with the Democratic party and to offer alternatives to the citizens of this county at election time. Therefore, I feel my mission has been completed and I ought to return to a non-partisian status more suitable to an academic enviroment. ”
Dr.Quast also has political reasons for partially withdrawing from the Republican party. At present, he is “rather upset” with president Nixon because of the way he treated the Republican party in the State of Washington.
“I would be less than honest if I would not mention the second reason for my departure from the partisian scene,” he stated. ” I simply cannot understand or justify the direct and indirect support that was given to Senator Jackson by President Nixon, Vice President Agnew and Senator Tower, the chairman of the Senate campaign committee. It appears to me that those ‘who claimed to bring us together’ are either doing that at the expense of the party or their best friends ( see Catherine May).
“I hold the highest respect for Senator Jackson. I have met him personally and have found him to be truly concerned for the welfare of his constituency as well as the welfare of his nation. I agree almost without exception with his foreign policy stands( he has the most realistic policy orientation towards authoritarian regimes) and I admire his loyalty to his party, whether right or wrong. During campaigns he is foremost a partisan. However, I do not see any justification for the kind of ‘instructions or policies; implemented during the last campaign by the ‘formal’ Republican national leadership much without the knowledge of the Republican National Committee.
“I would like to be able to examine the policies of the administration without being obligated to so-called ‘party faithfulness’ because of my position within the hierarchy of the party organization. However, this is not the time to make a final decision on that matter. I must admit, though, that I would have a difficult time to support a Nixon-Agnew ticket in 1972 if the Democrats would offer a ticket which includes Senator Henry M. Jackson.
“The foregoing is not to be interpreted as an expression of a lack of confidence in our administration. I must admit that the Republican campaign results nationwide are far from being disasterous. On the contrary, the results are revolutionary in that a traditional off-year election defeat for the Presidential party has been held off remarkably well. I do, however, question some of the methods and means used including the one in our state.”
Dr. Quast is primarily interested in teaching politics rather than doing it, since he feels that each student is a potential voter and candidate who perhaps will vote and work for the betterment or happiness of his community,state or nation.
Community college delegates hold on state convention
Adopttion of a proposed WACCSG (Washington Association of Community College Student Goverments) Specific Purpose Statement was the biggest order of business Accomplished at the fall southern regional convention of WACCSG Nov. 13-15 at Ocean Shores. The propsal reads:
“We, the duly elected representatives of Washington State Community College Students, realizing the need for furthering communications between the several community colleges in Washington; and further realizing the need for an effective representative of community college students on the state level, do constitute the Washington Association of Community college Student Goverments, a representative body, with the authority to represent said community college students before all segments of society.”
This proposal will be circulated to all the community colleges in Washington before the winter state convention where it will be presented for state approval.
Representatives from Centralia, Clark, Fort Stillacoom, and Lower Columbia spent Friday afternoon registering and getting acquainted, and later gathered in a work session to discuss WACCSG problems.
Saturday morning, the group was joined by Peninsula’s representatives. Marilyn Mayor and Tim Konrade. Mr Jim Lunt, Director of Student Activities, accompanied them.
The proposal for specific purpose was drawn up at this meeting and Pete Reynolds, regional chairman, asked that a list of desired priorities be sent to him by our college representative no later than Nov.20.
From now on, seven cents per mile will be the rate paid to Pete Reynolds for his mileage expenses to WACCSG meetings.
Pete is also now repsonsible for setting up a business schedule housing arrangements, supplies agenda, ect., two weeks prior to a regional meeting. He has the authority, however, to ask any individual or college to help with these arrangements.
Clark has offered to send all regional colleges a chart showing the list of arrangements they made as the “host” school for this meeting.
Mike Batchelor, from Centralia, asked each regional college to send him information pertaining to the college bookstore and cafeteria finacial operations. Marilyn Mayor will look into this for him.
On Sunday, state chairman Dave Caloff spoke at the meeting.
Pass the Buck campaign was also brought up for discussion before the three-day convention was adjourned.
Sheriff says parents need drug education
By Doug Stine
Clallam County Sheriff Harley Bishop called for a program of parental education concerning drug abuse in a talk here Nov. 4.
Speaking before the college’s journalism class, Bishop described the narcotics problem as “Greatly increased in recent years.” Four years ago the problem was unheard of in Port Angeles,but now it is turning into something that cannot be overlooked,he said.
The sheriff blamed pushers whose source is “up-sound” or Seattle’s skid road. They buy at reduced prices there, then transport it here at a good profit.
Until now, the majority of narcotics sold in this area has consisted of barbiturates,amphetamines and the various forms of marijuana. Little if any “hard stuff” such as heroin and morphine has been found, but the sheriff stated that it is coming in.
The most prevalent and commonly used drug in this city is Marijuana. Pot,Grass, Reefers or any other of the many names given it, causes by far the greatest number of offenses.
What can be done to curb the impending crisis–or has it gone too far already? Sheriff Bishop feels it hasnt.
“The problem rests with every law abiding citizen,” the Clallam County official said, “and awareness is the answer to the problem.”
In believing it could be reversed, the sheriff cited Fort Bragg, calif., as an example. In that small town it was learned that 65 percent of the high school population of 450 students was on drugs. A drive to counteract it, stimulated by the overdone death of a young girl, was markedly successful in reducing drug abuse. But the sheriff asked: “Would such an incident have to happen here before steps would be taken?
Backing the new federal law on possession of narcotics, Sheriff Bishop pointed out that first offenders holding 40 grams or less of majiuana could be fined up to $254. Second offense for the same amount a penalty of six months to a year in jail, designated as a gross misdemeanor. Possession of more than 40 grams would be ruled as possession with intent to sell, punishable by up to five years imprisonment.
Just how much pot has been collected in Clallam County?
In the last three years approximately 18 pounds of it has been confiscated by the sheriff’s department, or about $8,600 worth. And that’s enough to hire a deputy sheriff for a year, or buy and completely equip a brand new squad car, the sheriff added.
Something new… B.R.A.
Warren Erickson and Chris Benson are now in the process of organizing a new club called BRA (Boys Rooting Association).
The first step is to call a meeting for interested males so officers can be elected, the consitution approved, and an advisor named.
After this is done, BRA has hopes of getting BOC to appropriate money to purchase 150 T-shirts with “BRA” printed across the front. These then will be sold to all men on campus.
It’s CC week!
Following the pattern set by Gov. Daniel J. Evans in 1969, Community College Week is being observed throughout the state of Washington this week.
In announcing participation by Peninsula College in these statewide activities, President E. John Maier indictated that rather than a state-directed program, each individual college would tailor presentation to fit its particular community interests.
“It is the primary function of the community college to fulfill the needs of the specific vocational and educational demands of the area in which it is located” Mr. Maier explained. ” Here at Peninsula College we feel not only obligated to meet these challenges but to anticipate future potentials in the industrial, business and academic fields of employment.”
Biz Clubbers attend meet
The Mid-Management Club, represented by its president, Jim Bennett; sergeant-at-arms Jack Weir, and advisor Mr. Morrish, attended their first statewide WDECA convention. The WDECA (Washington Distributive Education Club of America) met at the Olympic Hotel in Seattle Oct.16.
Purpose of the convention was for officers of individual chapters throughout the state to meet eachother and get an idea of what other chapters were doing at present and what they plan for the future.
Jim Bennett and Jack Weir were called upon to speak about some of Peninsula’s club achievments. After their oration, they had a good round of good natured ribbing and applause. The meeting was termed successful by President Jim Bennett.
The next convention is scheduled for Febuary, 1971.
Hayashi wins Judo cup
Cal Hayashi has won another trophy.
Cal represented Peninsula College in the Northwest invitational Meet in Europe, ore., Oct 31. He was classed in the light middleweight black belt division, fighting under the penalty point system, in which five points eliminate chances of continuing in competition. If one match is lost, this means the loss of three points. Cal eventually finished with no points against him, winning the trophy in three rounds.
Another competitor who traveled with Cal to Eugene was Norman Bright who participated in the men’s white belt heavy-weight division. Although Norman was eliminated in the match, it was by a close decision.
Cal will be travelling to Richland Nov. 25 and hopes to take several PC judo club members with him. They should be prepared by then, according to their instructor, who is drilling them into shape for future tournaments.
In previous tournament on Nov. 7. Mike Schade (290 Ibs.) and Steve Nitta (180Ibs) competed in a senior tournament at the University of Washington. The competition was unusually difficult, won by the University of British Columbia, so neither Mike or Steve came home with a trophy.
VA enrollment going up
School enrollments among Vietnam vetrans increased during fiscal year 1970 by an unprecendented 31 percent over the previous year, bringing the total number of enrollees in Vetrans Administration training programs to 1,211,000.
“If the trend continues,” Administrator of Vetrans Affairs Donald E. Johnson predicted, “More vetrans will have trained during the first five years of the current G.I. Bill than during the 13-year span of the Korean Conflict G.I. Bill”
Growing fastest among the many programs to encourage vetrans, their survivors and servicemen on active duty to continue their education or job preparation is on-the-job training, with a jump of 76 percent over the 1969 enrollment. Some 117,000 vetrans enrolled during 1970 in the programs under which vetrans who work in approved training positions recieve VA allowances during the training period.
Included in this years enrollment are 87,100 servicement on active duty, attending colleges and schools below college level–all under the G.I. Bill.
A 29 percent growth was noted in the number of disabled vetrans training under programs, bringing the total to 24,500 vetrans in such VA-supervised programs.
There were 52,500 wives, widows and children of permanently and totally disabled or deceased vetrans recieving educational assistance. This was a 14 percent increase over the last year.
Nurse loans explained
Nurses who obtained goverment sponsored student loans while in nursing school may earn credit towards cancellation of their loans by service in a professional capacity in Vetrans Administration hospitals.
VA announced that 120 VA hospitals meet the requirements relating to cancellation of student loans and that more hospitals will be added to the eligable list when a survey, now underway, is completed.
Employment must have been for 12 consecutive months beginning on or after Sept. 1, 1968, it was noted.
Information on the loan cancellations and the necessary forms may be obtained from the school of nursing through which each loan was obtained.
Activities discussed
SAC ( Student Activities Committee) met at noon Monday, Nov. 16, to discuss upcoming activities planned by various clubs and classes on campus.
Those attending were Lynn Pisberg, BOC vice president and SAV chairman; Yvonne Lewis, sophomore vice president; Jim Bennett, vice president of Mid-management Club; Linda Bynum, vice president of WRA; and Tim Konrad an interested individual.
Linda Bynum and Tim Konrad have volunteered to clean up the poster room to prevent it from becoming a fire hazard. They are also going to set up a sign up sheet for those using the poster room. This sheet will be in Mr. Lunts office.
Tim also said he would look into the possibility of organizing a dance Wednesday, Nov 35, to raise money for the Pass the Buck campaign. He will be in touch with Randy Riley to arrange a band.
St. Martin’s enlists here
Peninsula College was the first stop for a St. Martain’s College representative.
St. Martin’s, at Lacey near Olympia, is a private institution, founded in 1895. It has an enrollment of 750.
The representative hopes to get more interest from students on the peninsula.
St. Martin’s has a dorm on campus, and has been co-educational for four years.
The strongest program offered is in engineering. This enables students to work part time during the school year, and during the summer for state departments.
For further information, postcards are available on St. Martin’s college bulletins on campus.
Big Bunny heads here
Looking for an evening of “just plain fun?” Why not try heading for Peninsula College’s little Theatre Friday or Saturday night for the play production of “Harvey.”
The play, by Mary Chase, centers on the antics of an imaginary rabbit. It will be presented by the drama department under the direction of advisor Mr. W. Lawrence Welch.
A proven winner, “Harvey” Was a huge smash during the 1940s and a recent revival last summer with Helen Hayes starring has a resurgence of the pasth hit.
Terry O’Hara will have the lead role of Elwood P. Dowd. Backing O’Hara in the production will be Margeret Lunderville, Debbie Watz, Pam Phillips, Francis Yoshinoga, John Weir, Warren Erickson, Rich Pfouts, Cathy Hare, Steve Anderson and Dave Ofephant.
Where are BOC members?
For the past two BOC meetings, a quorum wasnt formed so nothing could be voted. This is an irritating nuisance. At the meeting on Monday, Nov. 16, four of the persons needed to form a quorum were not in attendance. Only one had a valid excuse; she was presiding over another meeting held at the same time. Where were the others? These people were elected to represent the students of Peninsula College and when they dont show up they are letting someone down. I dont know if you care,but I do.
One of the best solutions I can think of to solve this problem is to set up a standerized schedule for the BOC meetings and then DONT DEVIATE from this. By having the meeting in the same place, at the same time, on the same day, no one can have an excuse of not knowing when or where the meeting was held. The other part of this problem is to get the representatives to attend the meeting. I would urge every interested and concerned student to get in touch with their representatives and TELL them you want to have them represent YOU. I know Im going to.
–Marilyn Mayor
Pass- the-Buck drive underway
David L. Calof, state chairman of the Washington Association of Community College Students (WACCSG) and BCC student, announced last week in Seattle the opening of a state-wide finance drive to be called “Pass-the-Buck to students. ”
The purpose of the drive will be to raise money to support WACCSG’s efforts on behalf of the state’s 125,000 community college students in the Olympia during the fourthcoming legislative session.
WACCSG will be asking the Legislature for increased finacial aid for students, to maintain tuition costs at their present level, to maintain the incidental fee that finances campus programs (Athletics, Lecture-artist series, newspapers, student goverment), to allow individual campuses to enact their own codes of conduct without legislative intervention, and to enact adequate levels of funding for the state-wide community college system.
“Pass-the Buck to Students,” A kind of tongue in cheek plea for funding and responsibility, originated last Saturday at the first WACCSG general assembly of 1970-1971 at the Sorrento Hotel in Seattle.
Student representatives from 22 of the states 23 community colleges unanimously called for WACCSG’s leadership to initiate a responsible community college student lobby to speak in the interest of the over 125,000 students in Washington’s community colleges.
The unanimous vote came after a 30-minute address by Governer Evans telling of a great need for students to become “involved in the political process. ”
When asked whether he believed students should actually lobby, he strongly resounded,
“You bet I do!”
The deligates were angered by recent, Irrespondible acts of violence on campuses, and said they felt the need for students to become responsibly involved in the political process of democracy.
They also unimously passed a resolution for WACCSG to do all in its power to discourage individuals or groups from executing violent acts.
Calof stated, ” We are of the mind that violence can only doster further violence, frustration and polarization. If we want to make America into a fit place to live and set out to meet her many problems, all elements of society have got to work together harmoniously.
Violence, tolerance and emotionalism are disfunctional as they create more problems than they solve. I only hope that the citizens will respond to our ” Pass the Buck campaign” so that we will be able to work intelligently, logically, and sincerely with the state legislature.”
“Pass the Buck to Students” will feature a state-wide effort, fund raising dinners, local sales of soft goods and services, individual contributation and a variety of other means. — Bellevue Community College Forum.
Yule formal slated for Dec.17
It was announced at the recent AWS meeting that the Springfield Rifle has been contracted to play for the Christmas Formal to be held Dec. 16. This group is quite well known and has several records out. They are on the circuit route right now.
“Moonlight and mistletoe” is the theme chosen for the dance. Committees for the dance are now being organized by the AWS. Chairmen are Vicky Duncan, tickets; Terrie Clawson and Marilyn Mayor, general decorations; Dana Rygaard, publicity; and Lorna Elder, Band.
Any girl who wants to be on a committee, but hasnt signed up yet, is asked to see either Sue Haley or Miss Hale. All help will be greatly appreciated.
Laura Wallace and Jackie Pearce have volunteered to be co-historians. It will be their job to keep a scrapebook of all the year’s AWS activities. They will also send news to the Port Angeles Evening News.
Dana Rygaard, AWS viced president, has also taken on the resposibility of publicity for the club. She will advertise all meetings and activities during the year.
On Dec. 9, the AWS will sponsor A Blood Drive. Many of the Girls were momentarily stunned to hear Miss Hale, AWS Advisor announce, “i WILL, OF COURSE, EXPECT all of you to donate blood.”
Girls are asked to look at the weekly bulletin for the time and place of the next AWS meeting. Every girl is welcome to attend.
Dorm elects new officers
Monty Morgan and Terry Akins have been elected chairman and co-chairman, respectively, of the dorm. Sandy Walburn, dorm secretary, was elected to her position in the early fall.
At a form meeting held last week, the dorm officials asked that anyone who wanted one of the dormitory rules changed should go to voice their suggestion. An activities committee was also set up at the meeting to plan activities for the future residents.
AFurniture for the dorm has now been ordered and hopefully will be here before Christmas. A television set has already arrived in the dorm. It can easily be found just by locating a bevy of students congregated in one corner of the lounge.
Traveling man
NAME: jerry Elvich.
ALIAS: Assistant director of admissions.
HOME BASE: Seattle University.
MISSION: To answer any questions students in highschool and college might have about Seattle University’s admission requirements,classes offered, cost, finacial aid available, dormitories, process of transferring credits, and any other questions pertaining to SU.
SEASONAL OCCUPATIONS: Last seen at Peninsula College on Friday Nov. 13. He has already made the rounds to Shoreline, Seattle community, and Bellevue colleges. Information has just been recieved that Evich plans to hit every community college in Washington by Christmas.
Elvich has also been known to work with the director of Admissions at SU. Between them, they cover colleges in California, Alaska, New York, Hawaii, Oregon, Idaho and Montana.
In spring, they organize meetings for interested highschool students in the state.
During the summer, he has been known to teach a class in introductory Guidance to teachers.
OTHER AFFILIATIONS: He is a member of the admissions Board and votes on whether or not a person should be admitted to Seattle University.
Also involved with the High School Affiliation Committee. This is a group of students who visit Catholic students in public high schools in the state and talk about higher education in Catholic colleges, especially SU.
Elvich also helps with the Student-to-Student Committee which helps the admissions office know what the campus is doing and help make arrangements for interested students to visit the campus.
NOTICE: Any interested student who missed Elvich on NOV. 13. is asked to immediately locate the nearest mailbox and drop a line to Mr. Elvich, assistant director of admissions, C/O Seattle University, askin g whatever questions he might have.
Girls in PLU meet
By Marilyn Mayor
“We may not have come out on top, but we sure did have fun and learned a lot.” This was the general consensus of the girls participating in the volleyball tournament at Pacific Lutheran University on Saturday, Nov 7.
Team members are Peggy Bolek, Captain; Kathy Cushman, Melina Gosnell, Sue Haley, Marilyn Mayor and Rhonda Whitman. Substitutes are Terrie Clawson and Vicky Duncan.
After registering, the first game was against Portland State University, a well organized and dynamic team. They should also be recognized as having excellent “set-up” positioning.
Then we played against Pacific Lutheran University, a strong and spirited team who seem to have a good sense of “togetherness.” It was in this game that Peninsula College showed its best form.
After lunch, the competition was between Peninsula College and Green river Community College. GRCC has several good servers who helped bring the points total up in their favor.
Our team now feels that with a little more practice we will be ready “for anything” at our next tournament tentatively scheduled for Saturday, Nov. 21, at PC.
Basketball loop planned
Industrial League Basketball is not sponsored by Peninsula College, but college students are welcome to join the team.
Mr. Livingston has announced, however, that Peninsula College students will have ample opputunities for League basketball play by participating in the intramural basketball league which begins Jan. 14.
Lagnag III wins
The intramural Football Championship was won by Lagnaf III. Bob Darling captained his team to 8 wins and 1 loss. Team members are Gary Hussey, Keith Liingvall, Mitch Blore, Gary Smith, Larry Bribson, Dave Hulse and Coy Stark.
Racers Wanted
If someone comes up to you and asks if you are interested in ski rasing, what would your answer be?
Peninsula College has been offered an invitation to race with Everett Community College, but first we must have a team to race. Anyone interested should see Mr. Maloney, or Ski club president Bill Rinehart.
Pirates to open play in Bremerton
The Peninsula Pirates sail into Bremerton harbor next Friday and you can count on cannonballs flying.
Coach Estes’ basketball swuad will be invading Olympic Community College Nov. 17, the day following Thanksgiving, and youcan bet the coach will be thankful if he can get by the vastly improved Rangers.
With only three returning lettermen from last year’s team, Daryl Nelson, 6-3, 180-pound forward; Dave Pyles, 5-9, 165-pound guard, the improvement has been the result of an influx of several fine freshmen.
Spotlighting the frosh talent is Marvin Buckley, 6-3 guard from Berkeley, Calif. Playing in his Senior year or prep ball, led his club to a perfect 32-0 season.
Other new faces include Dan Stout, 6-6 all-Olympic AA-AAA League center from Central Kitsap;Sam Jacobs, 6-3 guard from Brooklyn, NY; Jim Corey, 5-8 all Olympic AA-AAA League guard from Shelton; Willie Woods, 6-3 center forward from West bremerton; Brad Jones, 6-2 forward from Shelton; Otis Johnson, 5-11 SharpShooter from Akron, Ohio; Mike Marshall,6-7 center from Seattle’s Lincoln High.
“We have to play defense.” Ranger coach Larry Sampson stated. “We have guys that can put the ball in the hoop, but we need someone to top the other teams. So far, thats about all we’ve worked on–Its a must.”
At press time Coach Estes has not yet decided on who will start in the Olumpic game, but does state that the spots are still wide open.
Of Olympic, Coach Estes said: ” This is the finest team Olympic has produced in the schools history.” However, he feels the Pirates will be ready to take them.
Turkey trot set Nov. 25
The Intramural Department will sponsor a Turkey Trot Nov. 25 at 12:30 in the parking lot. The event is a team event with the first price being a live turkey.
The course is two miles in length and will be run from the parking lot to Ennis Street, down to Fifth and over to Washington Street, then back to Park Street and return to the gymnassium road.
Ski Club elects
The “Fire-side” meeting of the Peninsula College Ski Club held Monday ngiht, Nov. 2, elected new officers for the 1970-71 years. Elected were Bill Rinehart, president; Kathy Anderson, secretary; and Jerry Dean, treasurer.
It was discussed that the Ski Club send out letters to various colleges in response to trading weekend ski trips.
Any student wanting to be in Ski Club may sign up in Mr. Lunts office. Everyone is Welcome!
Trophies out
The outstanding intramural Athlete of the Year trophies are now on display in the Student Union Building trophy case.
Hey, Bowlers!
Laurel Lanes Bowling Alley is sponsoring a bowling league for college students. This is not under the sponsorship of Peninsula College, but college students are welcome to join, although it is not an intramural activity.
